How big is the Indian workforce in Kuwait? What are the jobs they do? | Explained

The tragic fire in Kuwait, which claimed 49 lives, including 40 Indians, has once again highlighted the precarious living conditions of many Indian expatriates in the Gulf. These workers often live in cramped quarters, such as semi-constructed buildings or labour camps, like the one in Mangaf where the fire broke out.

Despite the harsh conditions, many Indians opt for jobs in West Asia due to higher wages compared to that available in India.

Indians in Kuwait

Kuwait is home to a significantly large Indian community. The country has a population of about 42 lakh, of which 21% (10 lakh) are Indians, who comprise 30% of its workforce. The majority of these expatriates come from states like Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Punjab.

Types of Jobs

The Indian workforce in Kuwait is diverse. Many Indians work in skilled professions like engineering, medicine, accountancy, and IT. Others are employed as technicians, nurses, and management consultants. Additionally, a large number of Indians work in semi-skilled and unskilled jobs, including carpentry, masonry, driving, domestic help, and even food and courier delivery services.

Though Indians are in high demand in Kuwait, they don't always get paid well, especially the unskilled labourers.

Under the Internationa Labour Organization's guideline, the Indian government has set minimum referral wages (MRW) for different categories of workers abroad to ensure fair compensation for them. These wages range from $300 to $1,050 per month, depending on the job and experience.

Indian workers must register with the Ministry of External Affairs' eMigrate portal to be eligible for the protection.

However, a large part of the job market in Gulf countries -- Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and Bahrain -- operate outside these regulations.

Many Indian workers endure tough conditions, especially during the scorching summer months, and face challenges such as discrimination, abuse, and scams.

Also watch: Kuwait fire tragedy: at least 24 Keralites killed, 7 injured