What do the new criminal laws say about terrorism, mob lynching?

Three new criminal laws - the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam - came into force on Monday, replacing the British-era laws. Under Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, terrorism has been redefined and a strict provision for mob lynching has been introduced.

Section 113 of the Bharat Nyaya Sanhita says: "Whoever, with intent to endanger or is likely to endanger the unity, integrity, sovereignty, security or economic security or sovereignty of India or to cause or spread terror amongst the public or any section of the public in India or in any foreign country, commits any act using bombs, dynamite, explosive substances, poisonous gases, nuclear with intent to cause death to any person or persons, damage to property, or manufacture or smuggling of currency or so, commits terrorist acts."

Under the new law, mob lynching can attract a maximum punishment of death sentence. The law states that when a group of five or more persons acting in concert commits murder on the ground of race, caste or community, sex, place of birth, language, personal belief or any other ground, each member of such group shall be punished with death or with imprisonment for life or imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than seven years, and shall also be liable to fine.