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The tsunami was triggered by the longest faultline rupture from an earthquake ever observed, seconds before 7:59 am on December 26, 2004.

2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami: What to know 20 years on...

The tsunami was triggered by the longest faultline rupture from an earthquake ever observed, seconds before 7:59 am on December 26, 2004.

Survivors and victims' relatives will this week mark the 20th anniversary of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, which killed more than 220,000 people across more than a dozen countries.
A 9.1-magnitude earthquake off the western coast of Indonesia's Sumatra island triggered huge waves that swept into coastal areas of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand and nine other nations around the Indian Ocean basin.
Here is a look back at the impact of the deadliest tsunami in history.
Faultline rupture
The tsunami was triggered by the longest faultline rupture from an earthquake ever observed, seconds before 7:59 am on December 26, 2004.
The ocean floor opened at least 1,200 kilometres (750 miles) in length between the Indian plate and the Burma microplate.
It created waves more than 30 metres (100 feet) high, releasing energy equivalent to 23,000 Hiroshima atomic bombs and causing widespread destruction.
The magnitude was initially recorded at 8.8 before the United States Geological Survey gave its official magnitude of 9.1 and depth as 30 kilometres (18.6 miles).
The epicentre was located 150 miles from Sumatra's coast.
Indonesia is a vast archipelago nation on the Pacific "Ring of Fire", an arc of intense seismic activity stretching from Japan through Southeast Asia and across the Pacific basin.
Huge death toll
A total of 226,408 people died as a result of the tsunami, according to EM-DAT, a recognised global disaster database.
The worst affected area was northern Sumatra, where more than 120,000 people were killed out of a total of 165,708 dead in Indonesia.
The huge waves travelled around the Indian Ocean, hitting Sri Lanka, India and Thailand hours later.
At their fastest, the waves travelled at over 800 kilometres an hour (500 mph), more than twice the speed of a bullet train.
More than 35,000 were killed in Sri Lanka, with 16,389 killed in India and 8,345 in Thailand, according to EM-DAT.
Nearly 300 were killed in Somalia, more than 100 in the Maldives, as well as dozens in Malaysia and Myanmar.
Displaced, reconstruction
The tsunami displaced more than 1.5 million people and sparked disaster relief of around $14 billion pledged from the international community, according to the United Nations.
Hundreds of thousands of buildings were destroyed, leaving in some cases entire communities homeless.
A splurge in reconstruction has transformed the worst-hit city of Banda Aceh.
More than 100,000 houses were rebuilt in the westernmost Indonesian province of Aceh alone, according to the Indonesian government.
Warning systems
The tsunami also forced a reckoning about the preparedness of coastal communities around the Indian Ocean basin.
At the time of the earthquake, there was no warning system in place in the Indian Ocean.
But now, 1,400 stations globally cut warning times to just minutes after a tsunami waveforms.
Experts said the lack of a properly coordinated warning system in 2004 had made the disaster's impact worse.
Ocean scientists say we are more prepared than ever thanks to millions of dollars being invested into tsunami warning systems, but warn that the impact of a catastrophic tsunami can never be completely prevented.
(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by Editorji News Desk and is published from a syndicated feed.)

Indonesia's Centre for Volcanology and Geological Disaster Mitigation said that the volcano had at least five massive eruptions, prompting officials to raise the threat level to the highest. 

Tsunami alert after Indonesian volcano has several big eruptions, thousands told to leave

Indonesia's Centre for Volcanology and Geological Disaster Mitigation said that the volcano had at least five massive eruptions, prompting officials to raise the threat level to the highest.&nbsp;

Indonesian authorities issued a tsunami alert Wednesday after eruptions at Ruang mountain sent ash thousands of feet high. Officials ordered more than 11,000 people to leave the area.
The volcano on the northern side of Sulawesi island had at least five large eruptions in the past 24 hours, Indonesia's Centre for Volcanology and Geological Disaster Mitigation said. Authorities raised their volcano alert to its highest level.
At least 800 residents left the area earlier Wednesday.
Indonesia, an archipelago of 270 million people, has 120 active volcanoes. It is prone to volcanic activity because it sits along the &ldquo;Ring of Fire,&rdquo; a horseshoe-shaped series of seismic fault lines around the Pacific Ocean.
Authorities urged tourists and others to stay at least 6 km (3.7 miles) from the 725-metre (2,378 foot) Ruang volcano.
Officials worry that part of the volcano could collapse into the sea and cause a tsunami as in a 1871 eruption there.
Tagulandang island to the volcano's northeast is again at risk, and its residents are among those being told to evacuate.
Indonesia's National Disaster Mitigation Agency said residents will be relocated to Manado, the nearest city, on Sulawesi island, a journey of six hours by boat.
In 2018, the eruption of Indonesia's Anak Krakatau volcano caused a tsunami along the coasts of Sumatra and Java after parts of the mountain fell into the ocean, killing 430 people.&nbsp;
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The Japan Meteorological Agency said that aftershocks could slam the region over the next few days. No reports of deaths or injuries had been confirmed so far.

Japan lowers tsunami warning but warns of aftershocks over next few days

The Japan Meteorological Agency said that aftershocks could slam the region over the next few days. No reports of deaths or injuries had been confirmed so far.

Japan dropped its highest-level tsunami alert, issued following a series of major earthquakes on Monday, but told residents of coastal areas not to return to their homes as deadly waves could still come.
The quakes, the largest of which had a magnitude of 7.6, started a fire and collapsed buildings on the west coast of Japan&rsquo;s main island, Honshu. It was unclear how many people might have been killed or hurt.
The Japan Meteorological Agency reported more than a dozen quakes in the Japan Sea off the coast of Ishikawa and nearby prefectures shortly after 4 p.m.
At least six homes were damaged by the quakes, with people trapped inside, government spokesman Yoshimasa Hayashi said. A fire broke out in Wajima city, Ishikawa Prefecture, and electricity was out for more than 30,000 households, he said.
The agency initially issued a major tsunami warning for Ishikawa and lower-level tsunami warnings or advisories for the rest of the western coast of the island of Honshu, as well as the northernmost of its main islands, Hokkaido.
The warning was downgraded to a regular tsunami several hours later, meaning the waters could still reach up to 3 meters (10 feet). Aftershocks could also slam the same area over the next few days, it said.
Japanese public broadcaster NHK TV initially warned torrents of water could reach as high as 5 meters (16.5 feet).
NHK said the tsunami waves could keep returning, and warnings were continuing to be aired hours after the initial alert. Several aftershocks also rocked the region.
Hayashi stressed that it was critical for people in coastal areas to get away from the oncoming tsunami.
&ldquo;Every minute counts. Please evacuate to a safe area immediately,&rdquo; he said.
People returning to get their wallets and other belongings have been known to be swept away and drowned even hours after the first evacuation warning. People were evacuated to stadiums, where they will likely have to stay for a few days.
Hayashi said no reports of deaths or injuries had been confirmed from the quakes, saying the situation was still unclear. Japan&rsquo;s military was taking part in the rescue efforts, he said.
Japanese media footage showed people running through the streets, and red smoke spewing from a fire in a residential neighborhood. Photos showed a crowd of people, including a woman with a baby on her back, standing by huge cracks that had ripped through the pavement.
Some people sustained minor injuries when they tripped and fell while fleeing, or objects fell off shelves and hit them, according to NHK.
Bullet trains in the area were halted, although some parts of the service were restored by evening. Parts of the highway were also closed, and water pipes had burst, according to NHK. Some cell phone services in the region weren&rsquo;t working.
The Meteorological Agency said in a nationally broadcast news conference that more major quakes could hit the area over the next week, especially in the next two or three days.
More than a dozen strong quakes had been detected in the region, with risks of setting off landslides and houses collapsing, according to the agency.
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The Indian embassy in Japan has issued helpline numbers for Indian citizens following tsunami warnings triggered by a series of earthquakes.

Tsunami alert: Indian embassy in Japan issues emergency helpline numbers

The Indian embassy in Japan has issued helpline numbers for Indian citizens following tsunami warnings triggered by a series of earthquakes.

After a series of strong earthquakes jolted Japan, triggering tsunami warnings, the Indian embassy in the island nation issued emergency helpline numbers for Indian citizens staying there. In a statement, the embassy released five contact numbers with names of concerned officials and said that it is in regular touch with the authorities in the country. It urged Indians in Japan to follow the instructions of the local government. Meanwhile, the local administration warned of waves up to five metre high and asked people to flee to high land.

Tsunami alerts have been sounded in parts of North Korea and Russia after a series of earthquakes struck Japan on January 1.

Tsunami alert sounded in Russia, North Korea after earthquakes in Japan

Tsunami alerts have been sounded in parts of North Korea and Russia after a series of earthquakes struck Japan on January 1.

After a series of strong earthquakes struck Japan, warnings of waves up to a metre high were also issued for parts of North Korea and Russia.
Russian officials issued a tsunami alert for the island of Sakhalin, warning that areas across the island's west coast could be affected by the waves.
In nearby South Korea, the weather agency urged residents in some eastern coastal towns to watch for possible changes in sea levels.
In Japan, warnings of waves up to five metre high have been issued and people have been asked to flee to high land.
Government spokesman Yoshimasa Hayashi told reporters that nuclear plants in the area had not reported any irregularities. But he said it was critical for people in coastal areas to get away from the oncoming tsunami.
&ldquo;Every minute counts. Please evacuate to a safe area immediately,&rdquo; he said.

An earthquake measuring 7.4 on the Richter scale hit Japan on Monday

7.4 magnitude earthquake strikes Japan, tsunami alert issued

7.4 magnitude earthquake strikes Japan&nbsp;
Tsunami alert issued
Residents asked to move to higher ground after tsunami alert

An earthquake measuring 7.4 on the Richter scale hit Japan on Monday

Japan issued tsunami alerts on Monday after a series of strong quakes shook western areas.
The Japan Meterological Agency reported a quake hitting Ishikawa and nearby prefectures, one of them measuring a preliminary magnitude of 7.4.
Japanese public broadcaster NHK TV warned torrents of water could reach as high as 5 metres (16.5 feet) and urged people to flee to high land or a top of a nearby building as quickly as possible.
Reports of damage were not immediately available.&nbsp;

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