The New York City Lawmakers on Tuesday voted to ban all kinds of e-cigarettes and e-liquid flavours. The move comes in a bid to protect youngsters, among whom, the use of e-cigarettes has surged in recent years. Opponents of the ban were unhappy that they would lose their business and claimed that e-cigarettes have helped tobacco smokers quit. The ban, however, does not cover tobacco. The decision comes at a time when the US health officials grapple with a mysterious vaping lung disease that has killed 42 people across the country.

The New York City Lawmakers on Tuesday voted to ban all kinds of e-cigarettes and e-liquid flavours. The move comes in a bid to protect youngsters, among whom, the use of e-cigarettes has surged in recent years. Opponents of the ban were unhappy that they would lose their business and claimed that e-cigarettes have helped tobacco smokers quit. The ban, however, does not cover tobacco. The decision comes at a time when the US health officials grapple with a mysterious vaping lung disease that has killed 42 people across the country.

Russia said Wednesday that a remote Far Eastern region near Mongolia had begun testing rodents for bubonic plague after cases of the disease were confirmed in Mongolia and China. Public health officials have appealed to residents of the mountainous Tuva and Altai regions not to hunt or eat marmots after two bubonic plague cases were confirmed in Mongolia last week. Both cases involved brothers who had eaten marmot meat. The WHO has said it is also monitoring a case of bubonic plague in China after being notified by the authorities in Beijing.

US-based&nbsp;Lupin Pharmaceuticals has announced that it is&nbsp;voluntarily recalling all batches of Metformin Hydrochloride Extended tablets, as part of an ongoing dialogue with the FDA. Analysis of the diabetes drug revealed that&nbsp;certain tested batches were above the Acceptable Daily Intake Limit for the impurity NDMA. The statement explained,&nbsp;NDMA is a known environmental contaminant and found in water and foods, including meats, dairy products and vegetables. The company, however,&nbsp;said that all&nbsp;Metformin products manufactured and marketed in India have been tested for NDMA levels and are safe as per relevant regulatory norms.

American researchers have developed an air filter&nbsp;that can trap the virus responsible for spreading&nbsp;Covid-19 and kill it instantly. The team from the University of Houston and Medistar&nbsp;Corp&nbsp;reported that in their virus tests, 99.8% of the novel SARS-CoV-2 was killed in a single pass through the filter they developed. The team published their findings in the journal Materials Today Physics. An author from the paper said, 'the filter could be useful in airports and aeroplanes, office buildings, schools and cruise ships' to control virus spread. The filter is made from&nbsp;commercially available nickel foam heated to about 392 degrees Fahrenheit.&nbsp;

Researchers from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) claim that the number of Covid-19 cases recorded per day in India may rise to&nbsp;2.87 lakh by early 2021 if a vaccine or treatment isn&rsquo;t developed soon. Although USA&nbsp;is currently the worst-hit in the world, the team from MIT's&nbsp;School of Management says that India will surpass US soon. According to their prediction, daily new cases will be second highest in the US by Feb 2021 at 95,000 per day, followed by South Africa, Iran and Indonesia.&nbsp;
The same study also claims that the actual number of cases is 12 times higher and death rate is 50 per cent than the reported numbers. Even so, all nations are still below herd immunity levels.&nbsp;

A man from Brazil with AIDS has shown no sign of the disease for over a year since he stopped HIV medicines. He was given an intense drug therapy aimed at targeting the hidden, dormant virus in the body. Dr. Ricardo Diaz of the University of Sao Paulo conducted a study to test ways in which the reservoir established by the virus can be removed. Scientists cautioned that the case needs independent verification and too soon to speculate about a possible cure. If confirmed, it will be the first time HIV has been eliminated in an adult without a bone marrow or stem cell transplant. The man had been taking a standard three-drug combo to suppress his virus. In September 2015, Diaz added&nbsp;dolutegravir,&nbsp;maraviroc&nbsp;and&nbsp;nicotinamide&nbsp;to his treatment.&nbsp;After nearly a year, the patient went back to the standard three drugs for two more years, then stopped all HIV medicines in March 2019. The virus has not been found in his blood and tissue samples since then. Tests show that the man has lost nearly all antibodies to HIV. However, the same treatment did not work for four other patients.

A Spanish study published in The Lancet journal has cast doubt over the feasibility of herd immunity, when enough people become infected with a virus to stop its spread, as a way of tackling the&nbsp;Covid-19&nbsp;pandemic.&nbsp;For herd immunity to work, at least 70% of a population needs to be immune to protect the uninfected people, experts say. The study of over 60,000 people has found that only 5% of the Spanish population has developed antibodies. Most of the population remains largely unexposed to the virus even in highly populated areas, according to researchers including those from the National Centre for Epidemiology in Spain.

Pune-based&nbsp;Mylab Discovery Solutions &amp; Serum Institute of India have developed the first fully-automated Sample-to-PCR-ready system for molecular diagnostics in India.&nbsp;Compact XL is a box machine that&nbsp;will help automate testing. It is&nbsp;believed to reduce errors and time required to carry out a Covid-19 test.&nbsp;The machine can take input of various sample types such as plasma, tissue, sputum and swab. It can test 32 samples per run and each machine can handle 400 samples a day. The machine is capable of testing&nbsp;HIV, TB, cancer markers,&nbsp;and also other genetic diseases.

The United Nations has warned that treating coronavirus&nbsp;symptoms and not the environmental cause&nbsp;is setting us up for more future pandemics in a new report.&nbsp;From Ebola to MERS&nbsp;and now Covid-19, diseases caused by&nbsp;viruses that have jumped from animal hosts into the human population are on the rise. Governments must take measures to prevent zoonotic diseases that kill almost 2 million people every year. The report calls for greater scientific enquiry into zoonotic diseases, promoting sustainable land management practices and improving biosecurity&nbsp;and control, among other measures. The authors propose a One Health approach that unites&nbsp;public health, veterinary and environmental experts.&nbsp;

Mumbai-based startup Qure&nbsp;uses an AI tool called 'qER' to speed up&nbsp;reading CT scans in emergency rooms, and also prioritise scans that indicate something critical like bleeding in the brain.&nbsp;After deployment in India and other countries, qER is now entering the United States where 75 million CT scans are performed every year.&nbsp;Qure&nbsp;has just received US FDA&nbsp;clearance for this product. What makes it special is a four-in-one clearance. The tool has been cleared four critical conditions -&nbsp;intracranial bleeds, mass effect, midline shift, and cranial fractures. However, qER is only allowed to suggest what a radiologist should read first. For an AI-based diagnosis on par with that of a radiologist, it would require further studies.

The novel coronavirus has wreaked havoc across the world, taking away numerous lives and halting progress against other illnesses like HIV. According to a report by UNAIDS, there are some big successes in numbers on the global AIDS epidemic like fewer deaths and new infections. There are also failures. Only 50% of the children with HIV are receiving treatment. The report added that 4 years ago, the United Nations had set goals of limiting HIV infections and improving treatment by end of 2020 but it seems like the deadline will be missed in the wake of the pandemic. In many countries, the resources used to fight HIV are involved in tackling Covid-19. In 2019, infections were 23% lesser compared to 2010. Additionally, 25.4 million people are on treatment, triple the number since 2010.&nbsp; Supplies of medicines and other essentials have been disrupted due to lockdowns and clinics being closed. Due to the stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS, some are also afraid of getting their medicines home-delivered.

A Chennai-based company has developed the 'Etticos&nbsp;Covid-19 Patient Care System', a device that could bridge the gap between Covid-19 patients and health-care workers. A patient can easily communicate with health workers using the smart button. The CEO&nbsp;of the company,&nbsp;Vigneshwar shared with news agency ANI&nbsp;that the device can be used by&nbsp;Covid-19 patients in hospitals to communicate with the staff.&nbsp;A single press means the patient needs water and a double press means he or she requires medicines.&nbsp;More than 100 patients can be monitored on the display.&nbsp;Vigneshwar claims that the whole system is 'Made in India' and he also got a patent for the device.

Hundreds of scientists say there is evidence that coronavirus in smaller particles in the air can infect people. They have called on the World Health Organization to revise recommendations, the New York Times has reported. The WHO has said the coronavirus disease spreads primarily from person to person through small droplets from the nose or mouth, that come out when a person with Covid-19 coughs, sneezes or speaks. In an open letter to the agency, 239 scientists in 32 countries have stated that whether carried by large droplets that zoom through the air after a sneeze, or by much smaller exhaled droplets that may glide the length of a room, the coronavirus is borne through air and can infect people when inhaled.

The World Health Organization says it is ending a trial into whether anti-malaria drug hydroxychloroquine helps patients hospitalised with Covid-19. WHO said it has &ldquo;accepted the recommendation&rdquo; from the committee overseeing the trial to discontinue testing of hydroxychloroquine and anti-HIV drugs, which were being used for standard care for hospitalized coronavirus patients. WHO says a review of the interim results showed hydroxychloroquine along with the anti-HIV drug cocktail 'produce little or no reduction in the mortality of hospitalized Covid-19 patients'

Genome sequence data from almost 30 per cent of all Covid-19 samples&nbsp;collected by the World Health Organization (WHO) have shown signs of mutation, reports Reuters. However, the top health body said that there is no evidence of this mutation leading to severe disease. WHO has collected over 60,000 samples of the disease so far.&nbsp;
Scientists at Scripps Research have found that 65% of global cases by April were from the mutated virus. They found that the mutation, called&nbsp;D614G, increases Covid-19's ability to infect cells and may explain why outbreaks in northern Italy and New York were larger than the ones reported earlier in the pandemic.&nbsp;

Not just physical, the coronavirus&nbsp;pandemic and the stresses brought upon by it are having a massive impact on our mental health as well. A report by Lybrate, a health and wellness platform, has found that online consultations for mental health issues have increased by over 180 per cent compared to pre-pandemic levels. The platform saw a 255 per cent surge in consultations from women and 150 per cent from men. The highest jump was witnessed in the city of Mumbai at 205 per cent, followed by Delhi, Pune, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Bengaluru and Kolkata, all falling&nbsp;in the 100 to 200 per cent increase range.&nbsp;

The Karnataka&nbsp;government has ordered all facilities treating Covid-19 patients to provide a nutritious diet to all infected persons. The new diet plan is issued in an effort to boost the immunity of virus patients under treatment. As per the diet, breakfast will be served at 7 am and can be dishes like rava&nbsp;idli, pongal, set dosa, or&nbsp;bisi&nbsp;beli bath. After breakfast, patients should get a serving of seasonal fresh fruit followed by lunch at 1 pm. The lunch menu will comprise of&nbsp;roti, chapati, palya, rice, dal, egg and curd. At 5 pm, patients will get&nbsp;one banana and three cookies, two protein cookies, two dates and a mango bar for vitamin C. The dinner, served at 7 pm is almost the same as lunch followed by a glass of flavoured milk at 9 pm.&nbsp;

The&nbsp;Indian Council of Medical Research has asked medical institutions involved in trials for India's first Covid-19 vaccine, to fast-track the clinical trial approvals. The hospitals involved have been ordered to begin subject enrolment no later than July 7. Developed by Bharat&nbsp;Biotech in partnership with ICMR and the National Institute of Virology, the DGCI&nbsp;recently approved human clinical trials for Covaxin. ICMR&nbsp;has set Aug 15 as the launch date for the vaccine's public health use but the&nbsp;final outcome will depend on the cooperation of all clinical trial sites involved in this project, the top health body said. Reports say ICMR's letter to Bharat Biotech also comes attached with a warning, deliver on time or face consequences.&nbsp;

Science and Technology Minister Harsh Vardhan and HRD Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal&nbsp;have launched a 'Drug Discovery Hackathon' project and invited students and researchers to participate in it with an aim to develop an anti-Covid-19&nbsp;drug. The initiative is being jointly carried out by the Ministry of Human Resources Development and the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).&nbsp;The CSIR has been re-purposing drugs to help patients recover from the novel coronavirus.

According to researchers from the University of Virginia School of Medicine, a blood&nbsp;test may be able to predict the severity of Covid-19 and which&nbsp;patients are likely to need&nbsp;a ventilator.&nbsp;The finding could lead to a scoring system that would flag at-risk patients for closer monitoring and personalized treatments. The study focused on 57 Covid-19 patients who needed a ventilator to&nbsp;breath. They found that blood levels of a certain cytokine&nbsp;can predict the course of Covid-19.&nbsp;Cytokines are proteins that are central to the&nbsp;immune system, and their overreaction&nbsp;is a sign of severe Covid-19.&nbsp;Researchers also found higher levels of two cytokines in patients with high&nbsp;blood sugar. They said this may explain why&nbsp;diabetes&nbsp;is linked with worse Covid-19 outcomes. However, the study has not been peer-reviewed and should be considered preliminary.

People testing negative for Covid-19 antibodies may still have some immunity, a new study has suggested.&nbsp;Researchers at the Karolinksa Institute in Sweden tested 200 people for both antibodies and T-cells.&nbsp;For every person testing positive for antibodies, two were found to have specific T-cells which identify and destroy infected cells. However, it is likely that some did mount an antibody response, because either it had faded or was not detectable by the current tests. The findings add to a growing body of evidence that "antibody testing alone underestimates immunity". It is also not yet clear whether these T-cells just protect that individual, or if they might also stop them from passing on the infection to others.

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NYC lawmakers ban flavoured vaping products

Dec 02, 2019 09:49 IST

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