New Delhi, PTI: Use of convalescent plasma therapy in coronavirus-infected patients does not help in reducing mortality or progression to severe Covid-19, a multi-centric study funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has found.
The 'open-label parallel-arm phase II multicentre randomized controlled trial' (PLACID Trial) was conducted across 39 public and private hospitals across India between April 22 to July 14 to investigate the effectiveness of convalescent plasma (CP) for the treatment of Covid-19, it said.
The convalescent plasma (CP) therapy involves taking antibodies from the blood of a person who has recovered from Covid-19 and transfusing those antibodies into an active coronavirus patient to help kickstart the immune system to fight the infection.
A total of 464 participants (moderately ill Covid-19 patients admitted to hospitals) were enrolled for the study, which has not yet been peer-reviewed and has appeared on medRxiv, a preprint server.
The National Task Force for Covid-19, a committee formed by the ICMR to respond to the pandemic, has reviewed and approved this study, it said.
The Clinical Management Protocols for Covid-19 issued by the Union Health Ministry on June 27 allowed use of convalescent plasma (Off label) for treating coronavirus-infected patients in moderate stage of the illness under "investigational therapies"
This authorisation has been paralleled by questionable practices such as calls for donors on social media, and the sale of CP on the black market with exorbitant price tags in India, the study said.
Additionally, although CP is a safe therapeutic modality, plasmapheresis, plasma storage and NAb measurement are all resource-intensive processes, with a limited number of institutes in the country having the capacity to undertake these activities in a quality-assured manner.
"The CP was not associated with reduction in mortality or progression to severe Covid-19," the study said, adding this trial has high generalisability and approximates real-life setting of CP therapy in settings with limited laboratory capacity.
A prior measurement of neutralising antibody titres in donors and participants may further clarify the role of CP in management of Covid-19, it said.
The study trial included 464 moderately ill coronavirus infected hospitalised patients, of whom 235 were given convalescent plasma along with best of standard care while 229 received only standard care, as per the study.
Those in the intervention arm received two doses of 200 ml of CP, transfused 24 hours apart, in addition to the BSC (best standard of care). The two plasma units were collected preferably from different donors depending on the availability and ABO compatibility to increase chances of receiving CP with NAb, it said.
"The PLACID trial results indicate that there was no difference in 28-day mortality or progression to severe disease among moderately ill Covid-19 patients treated with CP along with BSC compared to BSC alone," the study said.